{"id":7400,"date":"2023-04-04T11:53:19","date_gmt":"2023-04-04T10:53:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/blog\/?p=7400"},"modified":"2023-10-06T10:23:21","modified_gmt":"2023-10-06T09:23:21","slug":"water-quality-management-uk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/blog\/water-quality-management-uk\/","title":{"rendered":"How Can Water Quality Be Better Managed in the UK?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">In previous blogs, we\u2019ve talked about <\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/blog\/pollution-in-uk-rivers\/\">the state of the UK\u2019s rivers<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"> and the <\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/blog\/the-significance-of-clean-water\/\">significance of clean water<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">. We know that water pollution is a huge issue in the UK and across the world, with various factors contributing to poor water quality \u2014 from agricultural activities to urban runoff.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">But what \u2013 if anything \u2013 is being done to manage it? And what could we be doing better to see a cleaner future for the UK\u2019s waters?<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What\u2019s being done to manage water quality currently?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">There are various initiatives and bodies in the UK that aim to monitor and improve water quality. We\u2019re going to take a look at two key players here \u2014 the Water Framework Directive and the Environment Agency \u2014 their goals, and their responsibilities.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Water Framework Directive<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">The WFD is a European Union directive that has established a framework for the protection and improvement of water quality. Countries involved are required to monitor and assess water quality and develop feasible strategies to achieve \u201cgood ecological status\u201d for surface and groundwater bodies.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">In force since 2000, the WFD <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">has <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">seen a good amount of progress in the protection of water resources. But is it enough?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Well, in 2018, the <\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eea.europa.eu\/publications\/state-of-water\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">European Environment Agency reviewed the progress<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"> of goals laid out by the WFD. Sadly, they found that only 40% of the surface water bodies in the EU were in good or high ecological status \u2014 just <\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/deframedia.blog.gov.uk\/2020\/09\/18\/latest-water-classifications-results-published\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">16%<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"> for the UK.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">The initial target was that 100% of water bodies would achieve \u2018good\u2019 status by 2015. Because of the poor progress, this has since been extended to 2027.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Political will to make this work has been lacking, despite many <\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/commission\/presscorner\/detail\/en\/ip_21_6265\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">non-compliant member states being taken to court<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"> and having to pay large fines. There has also been pressure to reduce the demands of the WFD by <\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.euractiv.com\/section\/energy-environment\/news\/aeaked-letter-industry-lobby-wants-eu-water-protection-directive-to-be-diluted\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">industry lobby groups<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"> in the face of clear evidence in favour of it, and <\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/scientists4wfdcom.wordpress.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statements of support from the EU\u2019s smartest minds<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Environment Agency\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-7407\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/surface-water-pollution-leeds.jpeg\" alt=\"The surface of a river in Leeds is slicked with pollutants.\" width=\"600\" height=\"451\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/surface-water-pollution-leeds.jpeg 600w, https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/surface-water-pollution-leeds-300x226.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">The UK\u2019s Environment Agency helps manage water quality in a few ways:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 300;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Via <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/guidance\/discharges-to-surface-water-and-groundwater-environmental-permits\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"><strong>permits<\/strong><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"> for activities that may impact water quality<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 300;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Via water quality monitoring and requirements for water companies to monitor water quality <\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/publications.parliament.uk\/pa\/cm5803\/cmselect\/cmenvaud\/164\/report.html#:~:text=Water%20companies%20have%20committed%20to%20bring%20forward%20full%20event%20duration%20monitoring%20by%202023.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">local to their assets<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 300;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Via <\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/environmentagency.blog.gov.uk\/2022\/05\/12\/update-on-environment-agency-investigation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">investigations into pollution incidents<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 300;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">By working with councils and businesses to provide support &amp; guidance on reducing water pollution<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">While The Environment Agency has a crucial role to play in improving the UK\u2019s water quality, there is some uncertainty around whether or not they\u2019re playing it to the level necessary. Take a look at their <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/environment-agency-ea2025-creating-a-better-place\/environment-agency-ea2025-updates-2022-to-2023\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"><strong>October 2022 goals for 2023<\/strong><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">, for example:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 300;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">\u2018By 2025 rivers, lakes, groundwater and coasts will have better water quality\u2019<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 300;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">1300 Km of water environments will be \u2018enhanced\u2019<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">These goals sound a little vague, especially considering the strict targets of the WFD. Alongside this, multiple failures have been revealed, like the fact that the <\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2022\/oct\/01\/environment-agency-sewage-dumped-england-rivers-leak\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EA knew raw sewage was being released<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"> into waterways over a decade before investigations began. It\u2019s also incredibly difficult to get an accurate picture from any of the EA\u2019s online resources regarding their monitoring efforts \u2014 in other words, there is very little in the way of concrete data and statistics.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">What\u2019s behind this vagueness &amp; lack of real progress? Political lobbying, budget cuts, and lack of in-field work?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Indeed, in January 2023, thousands of EA staff went on their first ever strike over pay. Salaries are <\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unison.org.uk\/news\/2023\/01\/ministers-must-invest-in-environment-agency-staff-or-communities-will-be-at-long-term-risk\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reported to have fallen by more than 20%<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"> when compared to inflation in the last thirteen years.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Staff morale is reportedly low, not just because of low pay, but because underfunding and responsibility changes have meant that <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2022\/jan\/29\/it-is-desperate-how-environment-agency-staff-were-silenced-as-pollution-worsened#:~:text=For%20frontline%20staff%2C%20the%20individuals%20whose%20task%20is%20to%20go%20out%20and%20investigate%20pollution%2C%20identify%20polluters%20and%20make%20them%20accountable%2C%20it%20was%2C%20insiders%20said%2C%20another%20example%20that%20their%20work%20was%20not%20a%20priority%20in%20the%20EA.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"><strong>in-field work has been deprioritised<\/strong><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">. Before 2009, EA\u2019s staff took independent samples from the areas surrounding water companies. Then, it changed its policy, allowing water companies to self-monitor and self-report their own discharges and breaches. Without presuming all water companies are criminally liable, that is somewhat comparable to asking crimes to report themselves \u2014 will it happen accurately? Will it <\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/unearthed.greenpeace.org\/2019\/11\/17\/environment-agency-water-quality-fears\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">happen at all<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">?<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">How water quality management might be improved<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">It\u2019s clear from reports on the progress of various water quality directives that targets aren\u2019t being met. Each week, new stories from citizens emerge \u2014 their local lake is full of <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/blog\/impact-of-water-pollution-on-aquatic-life\/\">dead fish<\/a><\/strong>, a nearby bay is flooded with sewage, a vital river is slicked with oil and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/blog\/blue-green-algae-causes\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"><strong>algae<\/strong><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">As we\u2019ve talked about before, serious and urgent action is needed. But what can be done?<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Real targets, real support, real funding<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Without clearly-defined targets, there is no future in which water is clean and unpolluted.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">The <\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/deframedia.blog.gov.uk\/2022\/03\/17\/environment-act-2021-environmental-targets\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Environment Act of 2021<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"> aimed to further enshrine protection of our water environments into UK law. The target sets out that 75% of England\u2019s water bodies achieve \u2018good\u2019 ecological status by 2027.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">An admirable goal, but are the steps in place to achieve it? For the Act\u2019s goals to be met, proper funding must be given to organisations like the Environment Agency and Natural England.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Public pressure is working, though \u2014 in the original iteration of the bill, water barely got a mention. With public outcry and dedicated campaigning, the Government was <\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.endsreport.com\/article\/1732807\/environment-act-2021-45-things-need-know#:~:text=resulting%20in%20a%20public%20outcry%20which%20ultimately%20forced%20the%20government%E2%80%99s%20hand.%C2%A0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">forced to introduce more solid goals<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Action on (and by) water companies<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-7406\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/sewage-treatment-plant-eu.jpeg\" alt=\"A sewage treatment plant in the EU, surrounded by trees.\" width=\"650\" height=\"487\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/sewage-treatment-plant-eu.jpeg 650w, https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/sewage-treatment-plant-eu-300x225.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">As we already mentioned, the government\u2019s plans to reduce sewage discharges relies on water companies self-reporting.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Many argue that the Environment Agency needs to take back control of monitoring \u2014 and if not, stronger importance needs to be placed on regular inspections.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">No more excuses can be made for investing in functioning water treatment infrastructure, especially when water companies record <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dailymail.co.uk\/news\/article-10503873\/Fury-water-companies-make-2-8BILLION-profits-amid-scandal-dumping-raw-sewage-rivers.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"><strong>billions in profits<\/strong><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">. It\u2019s high time that they were held to account for their systems and mistakes, through legislation, fines, and public pressure (which is already building!).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Catchment-based approach\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">As CaBA explains it, \u2018<\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/catchmentbasedapproach.org\/about\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Catchment Based Approach (CaBA)<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"> is an inclusive, civil society-led initiative that works in partnership with Government, Local Authorities, Water Companies, businesses and more\u2019.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">It places an emphasis on collaboration, aiming to bring together once-siloed operations and organisations.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Top-down regulations alone can\u2019t deliver on such complex promises \u2014 CaBA believes in the power of engaging all sectors.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Public awareness and education<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">With any environmental issue, public awareness is a necessity. Water quality is no different.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">While any actions by local citizens are in no way comparable to the mass-dumping of raw sewage into <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/blog\/7-ways-to-stop-sea-pollution\/\">our oceans<\/a><\/strong> by water companies, education is a crucial part of preventing <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/blog\/water-pollution-signs-and-reporting\/\">water pollution<\/a><\/strong>. This can include education on:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 300;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Not pouring oils and fats down the drain<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 300;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Exposing of hazardous chemicals properly<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 300;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">The importance of local ecosystems<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 300;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">The key contributors to water pollution.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">With more public awareness comes more pressure on the real culprits \u2014 and public pressure can be a game-changer.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Monitoring<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">We\u2019ve touched on it throughout this blog, but \u2013 if we may be so bold \u2013 it requires its own mention. What you can\u2019t monitor, you can\u2019t manage.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Monitoring should be made at all levels, to ensure that we::<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 300;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Reach established targets<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 300;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">React swiftly to incidents<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 300;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Have accurate data for reporting breaches<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">The <\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/publications.parliament.uk\/pa\/cm5802\/cmselect\/cmenvaud\/74\/report.html#:~:text=The%20water%20and%20effluent,simply%20not%20monitored%20routinely.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2022 House of Commons Committee Report \u2018Water Quality in Rivers\u2019<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"> stated that water quality monitoring at that time being undertaken by the government was mainly focused on nutrient levels. Rightly, it said that a variety of other substances should be monitored routinely \u2014 such as <\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/blog\/impacts-of-pesticides-on-water-quality\/\">pesticides<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"> and industrial chemicals.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">We hope that future water quality strategies will more definitively incorporate monitoring \u2014 and that soon, the UK will be tracking its improvements in water quality, not its failings.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rely on Aquaread<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">For accurate water quality monitoring for a <\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/sensors\">range of parameters<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">, rely on Aquaread. Our products are <\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/where-to-buy\">available to buy at selected dealers<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"> around the world and we\u2019d be happy to <\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/contact\">chat about what you need<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">!<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In previous blogs, we\u2019ve talked about the state of the UK\u2019s rivers and the significance of clean water. We know that water pollution is a huge issue in the UK and across the world, with<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":7408,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7400","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.13 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How Can Water Quality Be Better Managed in the UK? - Aquaread<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Water pollution is a huge issue in the UK &amp; across the world, with various factors contributing to poor water quality. 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