{"id":7424,"date":"2023-05-30T12:04:53","date_gmt":"2023-05-30T11:04:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/blog\/?p=7424"},"modified":"2023-05-30T12:04:53","modified_gmt":"2023-05-30T11:04:53","slug":"aquaculture-what-is-it-how-does-it-work","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/blog\/aquaculture-what-is-it-how-does-it-work\/","title":{"rendered":"Aquaculture: What is it &#038; How Does it Work?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Put simply, Aquaculture refers to the practice of farming aquatic organisms in controlled environments. You may have more commonly heard it referred to as \u2018fish farming\u2019. Shellfish, fish, and algae are cultivated and harvested from dedicated marine and freshwater environments (including man-made ones) for commercial and recreational purposes \u2014 largely, for consumption by us humans!<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Read on to find out more about this practice, why we do it, and how it works.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">How does aquaculture work?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Like with agriculture, the methods used in aquaculture depend largely on what\u2019s being farmed and who is farming it. Three common types of aquaculture include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Fish farming <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">\u2013 the most common form of aquaculture, fish farming involves raising fish in captivity (but often within wild environments \u2014 e.g. in a cage submerged in a river).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Algaculture <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">\u2013 this refers to the cultivation of algae (from phytoplankton to seaweed) often in man-made open-pond systems or in marine shorelines.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Mariculture <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">\u2013 the cultivation of marine organisms like shellfish from their natural environments \u2013 again, often in submerged cages.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Even within each of these types, exact methods can vary depending on the type of aquatic organism being reared. As an example, some shellfish &#8211; like mussels &#8211; can be grown on suspended ropes with very little input required. Initially, microscopic mussels settle on the ropes, and in a year\u2019s time they will have grown into fully-formed mussels.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">On the other hand, more complex systems are often used to raise fish like salmon, tilapia, and trout. In-land farms require sophisticated, energy-intensive water treatment centres and recirculation systems.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Why we need aquaculture<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Experts agree that there is simply \u201cno way we are going to get all of the protein we need out of wild fish\u201d (<\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalgeographic.com\/foodfeatures\/aquaculture\/#:~:text=%E2%80%9CThere%20is%20no%20way%20we%20are%20going%20to%20get%20all%20of%20the%20protein%20we%20need%20out%20of%20wild%20fish%2C%E2%80%9D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rosamond Naylor<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">, food policy expert at Stanford University).\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">The world\u2019s seas and rivers are increasingly overfished, with the ever-rising human population leading to insurmountable demands.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Because marine and freshwater environments can no longer naturally meet the demand for seafood, aquaculture offers a more sustainable option. So long as it\u2019s practiced responsibly, it eases the strain on wild fish populations. Let\u2019s take a look at some of the other benefits of aquaculture:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The generation of food globally &amp; locally\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Because aquaculture can be practised wherever there\u2019s water and a will, local markets can often benefit directly from its supply. Finally, communities can benefit from local-grown produce, rather than trying (and failing) to fish waters that have often been destroyed by short-sighted global fishing practices.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The creation of economic opportunities<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">It\u2019s estimated that <\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fao.org\/3\/cc0461en\/online\/sofia\/2022\/fisheries-aquaculture-employment.html#note-b6_5:~:text=In%202020%2C%20an%20estimated%2058.5%20million%20were%20engaged%20as%20full%2Dtime%2C%20part%2Dtime%2C%20occasional%20or%20unspecified%20workers%20in%20fisheries%20and%20aquaculture\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">58.5 million people<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"> were employed in aquaculture in 2020. In places where economic opportunity is limited otherwise, the industry has the potential to (and does) lift people out of poverty. We\u2019ll discuss one of the issues with this later on, though.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An improved feed conversion ratio<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Any food that we rear has to be fed in order to eventually feed us. The resources (and amount of them) required varies with the animal product, for example:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 300;\" aria-level=\"1\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalgeographic.com\/foodfeatures\/aquaculture\/#:~:text=feed%20conversion%20ratio\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">6.8 pounds<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"> of feed are needed to produce a pound of cattle<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 300;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Only 1.1 pounds of feed produces a pound of fish.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Considering their protein-density and the fact that they\u2019re packed with healthy oils, vitamins, and minerals, it\u2019s clear that fish farming weighs up well in terms of resource demand. Especially when compared to agriculture, which is often incredibly resource-intensive \u2014 <\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/ahdb.org.uk\/carbon#:~:text=8.5%25%20of%20all%20greenhouse%20gas%20emissions%20with%20a%20further%2014.5%25\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">up to 23% of global greenhouse gas emissions<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"> come directly or indirectly from agriculture.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">When you also take into account that <\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/global-land-for-agriculture\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">half of the world\u2019s habitable land<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"> is used for agriculture, it becomes clearer why we need to look for alternatives.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-7428\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/salmon-fish-farm.jpeg\" alt=\"A birds-eye view of aquaculture cages to raise salmon in blue waters.\" width=\"799\" height=\"598\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/salmon-fish-farm.jpeg 900w, https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/salmon-fish-farm-300x225.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/salmon-fish-farm-768x575.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 799px) 100vw, 799px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Where aquaculture needs to be improved<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Since the birth of aquaculture, people have been wary of its repercussions \u2014 cautious about the very real possibility that we\u2019d just be setting up a food factory similar to agriculture on land. Indeed, it has often looked suspiciously similar; the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalgeographic.com\/foodfeatures\/aquaculture\/#:~:text=During%20the%201980s%20vast%20swaths%20of%20tropical%20mangroves%20were%20bulldozed%20to%20build%20farms%20that%20now%20produce%20a%20sizable%20portion%20of%20the%20world%E2%80%99s%20shrimp.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"><strong>National Geographic reports<\/strong><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"> that in the 1980s, \u2018swathes of tropical mangroves\u2019 were bulldozed to create farms that now serve a huge amount of the world\u2019s shrimp.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Like with any industry, aquaculture itself isn\u2019t a problem \u2014 it\u2019s the rapid spread and lack of regulation. In a capitalist system, production can quickly become a race to the bottom: who can spend less and make more? Cuts are made \u2013 or investments never established in the first place \u2013 to processes that allow for environmental and health-based best practices. Nets aren\u2019t replaced, fish are given harmful feed to maximise growth and are fed antibiotics, and worker pay is reduced.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">While aquaculture has a whole host of benefits, they apply to the best-case scenario, when healthy practices and regulations are followed strictly. The issue is that, with the industry still being in its infancy, there is very little standardisation when it comes to regulation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">This can often lead to unfair labour practices. As <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalseafood.org\/blog\/aquaculture-economic-growth-alleviating-global-poverty\/#:~:text=If%20many%20jobs%20are%20available%20but%20companies%20do%20not%20treat%20their%20employees%20fairly%2C%20then%20that%20does%20not%20accomplish%20the%20goal.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"><strong>The Global Seafood Alliance puts it<\/strong><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">, \u201cif many jobs are available but companies do not treat their employees fairly, then that does not accomplish the goal.\u201d Limited oversight leads to problems with compensation and expectation, which leads to reduced ability to carry out high-quality work. This cycle can defeat the very point of aquaculture.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">But there is hope for this blossoming industry. Companies like The Global Seafood Alliance are doing great work to advocate for aquaculture standards and worker treatment.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">When done sustainably, aquaculture can address many of our environmental and social concerns like reducing our carbon footprint while producing enough food for the world\u2019s population. Seaweed cultivation, in particular, has many advantages in this sense. Not only does it create a refuge habitat for other marine species, but it also <\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/sitn.hms.harvard.edu\/flash\/2019\/how-kelp-naturally-combats-global-climate-change\/#:~:text=Coastal%20ecosystems%20sequester%20away%20surprisingly,seagrass%2C%20live%20in%20rich%20soil.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sequesters a huge amount of carbon dioxide<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"> \u2014 more than forests.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aquaculture requires water quality monitoring<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-7426\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/aquaculture-monitoring-aquaread.jpeg\" alt=\"Aquaread's AP-2000 water monitoring probe for aquaculture testing.\" width=\"718\" height=\"718\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/aquaculture-monitoring-aquaread.jpeg 833w, https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/aquaculture-monitoring-aquaread-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/aquaculture-monitoring-aquaread-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/aquaculture-monitoring-aquaread-768x768.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 718px) 100vw, 718px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">An industry based on the health of a body of water requires a dedicated water quality monitoring approach. Without healthy water, there is no end product, be it fish, kelp, or clams.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Nutrient buildup, for example, can occur when fish density is high in a small area. If fish waste has nowhere to go, it builds up and eventually depletes the water\u2019s oxygen levels. This, in turn, can create <\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/blog\/blue-green-algae-causes\/\">algal blooms<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"> and even dead zones. <\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/blog\/effects-of-ammonia-in-water\/\">Ammonia<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/sensors\/ammonium-ammonia\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"><strong>ammonium<\/strong><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/sensors\/nitrate\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"><strong>nitrate<\/strong><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">, nitrite, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/sensors\/temperature\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"><strong>temperature<\/strong><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">, and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/sensors\/dissolved-oxygen\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"><strong>dissolved oxygen<\/strong><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"> levels all need to be closely monitored to stay ahead of potential toxicity and keep marine organisms healthy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">This flourishing industry faces a unique set of challenges \u2014 ones that we\u2019re sure it\u2019s capable of facing! Reliable data is needed to keep it alive (literally).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Here at Aquaread, we have a variety of Aquaculture products available that have been extensively tested across our customer base. With all the features needed for a healthy sector, you can rely on our <\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aquaread.com\/applications\/aquaculture\">Aquamarine range \u2014 find it here<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Put simply, Aquaculture refers to the practice of farming aquatic organisms in controlled environments. You may have more commonly heard it referred to as \u2018fish farming\u2019. Shellfish, fish, and algae are cultivated and harvested from<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":7427,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7424","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.13 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Aquaculture: What is it &amp; How Does it Work? \u2013 Aquaread<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Aquaculture is a flourishing industry. Like any industry, it faces a unique set of challenges. 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